Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 119-129.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022494
Dao zhi cai rang WU1(), Cheng-fang PEI2, Zhi-yuan MA3, Hong-shan LIU1, Xu-liang CAO1, Hu LIU1, Jian-wei ZHOU1()
Received:
2022-12-22
Revised:
2023-03-14
Online:
2023-11-20
Published:
2023-09-27
Contact:
Jian-wei ZHOU
Dao zhi cai rang WU, Cheng-fang PEI, Zhi-yuan MA, Hong-shan LIU, Xu-liang CAO, Hu LIU, Jian-wei ZHOU. Effect of feed level of oat hay on average daily gain, blood physiological and biochemical indexes, and rumen fermentation parameters in yaks[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(11): 119-129.
项目Items | 含量Content |
---|---|
干物质Dry matter (DM, %) | 91.70 |
有机物Organic matter (OM, %) | 86.80 |
粗蛋白Crude protein (CP, %) | 10.10 |
粗脂肪Ether extract (EE, %) | 4.51 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %) | 62.20 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %) | 36.40 |
钙Calcium (Ca, %) | 0.41 |
磷Phosphorus (P, %) | 0.19 |
总能Gross energy (GE, MJ | 17.61 |
Table 1 The chemical composition and nutrients content of oat hay (air-dry basis)
项目Items | 含量Content |
---|---|
干物质Dry matter (DM, %) | 91.70 |
有机物Organic matter (OM, %) | 86.80 |
粗蛋白Crude protein (CP, %) | 10.10 |
粗脂肪Ether extract (EE, %) | 4.51 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %) | 62.20 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %) | 36.40 |
钙Calcium (Ca, %) | 0.41 |
磷Phosphorus (P, %) | 0.19 |
总能Gross energy (GE, MJ | 17.61 |
项目 Items | 指标 Index | 燕麦干草饲喂水平 Feed level of oat hay (VI) | 标准误 SEM | P值 P-values | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.45 | 0.60 | 0.75 | 0.90 | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | |||
血液免疫细胞 Blood immune cells | 白细胞数White blood cell (WBC, ×109 No. | 7.71 | 8.73 | 8.78 | 8.01 | 0.872 | 0.413 | 0.242 |
中性粒细胞数Neutrophil count (NEUT, ×109 No. | 5.80 | 2.56 | 3.60 | 2.83 | 0.729 | 0.285 | 0.386 | |
淋巴细胞数Lymphocyte number (LYM, ×109 No. | 2.79 | 0.67 | 2.22 | 1.98 | 0.921 | 0.613 | 0.375 | |
红细胞与血红蛋白 Red blood cells and hemoglobin | 红细胞数Red blood cell (RBC, ×1012 No. | 6.16 | 5.87 | 5.36 | 5.45 | 0.149 | 0.040 | 0.699 |
血红蛋白Hemoglobin (HGB, g | 109.76 | 105.67 | 105.67 | 104.60 | 4.145 | 0.443 | 0.526 | |
红细胞压积Hematocrit (HCT, %) | 32.13 | 31.12 | 31.15 | 30.72 | 1.418 | 0.570 | 0.507 | |
红细胞平均体积Mean red blood cell volume (MCV, fL) | 53.10 | 53.25 | 53.12 | 52.95 | 1.578 | 0.738 | 0.859 | |
平均血红蛋白量Mean hemoglobin (MCH, pg) | 18.10 | 18.05 | 18.05 | 18.40 | 0.447 | 0.473 | 0.557 | |
平均血红蛋白浓度Mean hemoglobin concentration (MCHC, g | 341.50 | 339.33 | 340.50 | 348.17 | 4.911 | 0.500 | 0.470 | |
红细胞体积分布宽度 Red blood corpuscular volume distribution width (R-CV, %) | 20.78 | 20.60 | 21.12 | 21.23 | 0.362 | 0.637 | 0.786 | |
红细胞分布宽度Red blood cell distribution width (R-SD, fL) | 48.18 | 47.58 | 48.78 | 48.93 | 1.746 | 0.680 | 0.795 | |
血小板 Blood platelet | 血小板数Platelet (PLT, ×109 No. | 140.00 | 237.80 | 247.25 | 292.50 | 12.557 | 0.050 | 0.017 |
平均血小板体积Mean platelet volume (MPV, fL) | 6.78 | 6.72 | 6.80 | 6.73 | 0.228 | 0.727 | 0.361 | |
血小板分布宽度Platelet distribution width (PDW, fL) | 15.20 | 15.08 | 15.20 | 15.23 | 0.129 | 0.727 | 0.823 | |
血小板压积Platelet hematocrit (PCT, %) | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.027 | 0.481 | 0.519 |
Table 2 Effect of feed level of oat hay on blood physiological parameters in yaks
项目 Items | 指标 Index | 燕麦干草饲喂水平 Feed level of oat hay (VI) | 标准误 SEM | P值 P-values | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.45 | 0.60 | 0.75 | 0.90 | 线性 Linear | 二次 Quadratic | |||
血液免疫细胞 Blood immune cells | 白细胞数White blood cell (WBC, ×109 No. | 7.71 | 8.73 | 8.78 | 8.01 | 0.872 | 0.413 | 0.242 |
中性粒细胞数Neutrophil count (NEUT, ×109 No. | 5.80 | 2.56 | 3.60 | 2.83 | 0.729 | 0.285 | 0.386 | |
淋巴细胞数Lymphocyte number (LYM, ×109 No. | 2.79 | 0.67 | 2.22 | 1.98 | 0.921 | 0.613 | 0.375 | |
红细胞与血红蛋白 Red blood cells and hemoglobin | 红细胞数Red blood cell (RBC, ×1012 No. | 6.16 | 5.87 | 5.36 | 5.45 | 0.149 | 0.040 | 0.699 |
血红蛋白Hemoglobin (HGB, g | 109.76 | 105.67 | 105.67 | 104.60 | 4.145 | 0.443 | 0.526 | |
红细胞压积Hematocrit (HCT, %) | 32.13 | 31.12 | 31.15 | 30.72 | 1.418 | 0.570 | 0.507 | |
红细胞平均体积Mean red blood cell volume (MCV, fL) | 53.10 | 53.25 | 53.12 | 52.95 | 1.578 | 0.738 | 0.859 | |
平均血红蛋白量Mean hemoglobin (MCH, pg) | 18.10 | 18.05 | 18.05 | 18.40 | 0.447 | 0.473 | 0.557 | |
平均血红蛋白浓度Mean hemoglobin concentration (MCHC, g | 341.50 | 339.33 | 340.50 | 348.17 | 4.911 | 0.500 | 0.470 | |
红细胞体积分布宽度 Red blood corpuscular volume distribution width (R-CV, %) | 20.78 | 20.60 | 21.12 | 21.23 | 0.362 | 0.637 | 0.786 | |
红细胞分布宽度Red blood cell distribution width (R-SD, fL) | 48.18 | 47.58 | 48.78 | 48.93 | 1.746 | 0.680 | 0.795 | |
血小板 Blood platelet | 血小板数Platelet (PLT, ×109 No. | 140.00 | 237.80 | 247.25 | 292.50 | 12.557 | 0.050 | 0.017 |
平均血小板体积Mean platelet volume (MPV, fL) | 6.78 | 6.72 | 6.80 | 6.73 | 0.228 | 0.727 | 0.361 | |
血小板分布宽度Platelet distribution width (PDW, fL) | 15.20 | 15.08 | 15.20 | 15.23 | 0.129 | 0.727 | 0.823 | |
血小板压积Platelet hematocrit (PCT, %) | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.027 | 0.481 | 0.519 |
项目 Items | 指标 Index | 燕麦干草饲喂水平Feed level of oat hay (VI) | 标准误 SEM | P值P-values | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.45 | 0.60 | 0.75 | 0.90 | 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | |||
血清生化指标 Serum biochemical parameters | 总蛋白Total protein (TP, g | 64.25 | 59.96 | 62.86 | 66.74 | 3.796 | 0.690 | 0.262 |
白蛋白Albumin (ALB, g | 39.29 | 38.50 | 39.04 | 45.52 | 2.745 | 0.434 | 0.212 | |
球蛋白Globulin (GLB, g | 24.96 | 21.46 | 23.82 | 21.22 | 4.326 | 0.874 | 0.853 | |
尿素氮Urea nitrogen (BUN, mmol | 5.16 | 5.21 | 6.19 | 6.46 | 0.260 | 0.023 | 0.579 | |
葡萄糖Glucose (GLU, mmol | 5.52 | 5.23 | 5.01 | 4.36 | 0.366 | 0.035 | 0.566 | |
甘油三酯Triacylglycerol (TG, mmol | 2.08 | 1.82 | 1.88 | 1.86 | 0.079 | 0.616 | 0.078 | |
游离脂肪酸Free fatty acid (FFA, μmol | 727.16 | 665.53 | 653.44 | 641.36 | 28.702 | 0.809 | 0.585 | |
β-羟基丁酸β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA, μmol | 282.02 | 264.21 | 261.91 | 238.36 | 16.904 | 0.063 | 0.709 | |
血清激素水平 Serum hormone status | 胰岛素Insulin (INS, mIU | 19.85 | 20.35 | 21.03 | 21.76 | 0.497 | 0.091 | 0.850 |
胰高血糖素Glucagon (GC, pg | 379.58 | 368.94 | 349.97 | 340.66 | 22.702 | 0.714 | 0.979 | |
瘦素Leptin (ng | 17.08 | 17.35 | 17.34 | 17.12 | 0.214 | 0.786 | 0.574 | |
生长激素Growth hormone (GH, ng | 12.34 | 12.72 | 13.16 | 13.28 | 0.114 | <0.001 | 0.202 |
Table 3 Effect of feed level of oat hay on serum biochemical and hormone parameters in yaks
项目 Items | 指标 Index | 燕麦干草饲喂水平Feed level of oat hay (VI) | 标准误 SEM | P值P-values | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.45 | 0.60 | 0.75 | 0.90 | 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | |||
血清生化指标 Serum biochemical parameters | 总蛋白Total protein (TP, g | 64.25 | 59.96 | 62.86 | 66.74 | 3.796 | 0.690 | 0.262 |
白蛋白Albumin (ALB, g | 39.29 | 38.50 | 39.04 | 45.52 | 2.745 | 0.434 | 0.212 | |
球蛋白Globulin (GLB, g | 24.96 | 21.46 | 23.82 | 21.22 | 4.326 | 0.874 | 0.853 | |
尿素氮Urea nitrogen (BUN, mmol | 5.16 | 5.21 | 6.19 | 6.46 | 0.260 | 0.023 | 0.579 | |
葡萄糖Glucose (GLU, mmol | 5.52 | 5.23 | 5.01 | 4.36 | 0.366 | 0.035 | 0.566 | |
甘油三酯Triacylglycerol (TG, mmol | 2.08 | 1.82 | 1.88 | 1.86 | 0.079 | 0.616 | 0.078 | |
游离脂肪酸Free fatty acid (FFA, μmol | 727.16 | 665.53 | 653.44 | 641.36 | 28.702 | 0.809 | 0.585 | |
β-羟基丁酸β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA, μmol | 282.02 | 264.21 | 261.91 | 238.36 | 16.904 | 0.063 | 0.709 | |
血清激素水平 Serum hormone status | 胰岛素Insulin (INS, mIU | 19.85 | 20.35 | 21.03 | 21.76 | 0.497 | 0.091 | 0.850 |
胰高血糖素Glucagon (GC, pg | 379.58 | 368.94 | 349.97 | 340.66 | 22.702 | 0.714 | 0.979 | |
瘦素Leptin (ng | 17.08 | 17.35 | 17.34 | 17.12 | 0.214 | 0.786 | 0.574 | |
生长激素Growth hormone (GH, ng | 12.34 | 12.72 | 13.16 | 13.28 | 0.114 | <0.001 | 0.202 |
项目 Items | 燕麦干草饲喂水平Feed level of oat hay (VI) | 标准误 SEM | P值P-values | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.45 | 0.60 | 0.75 | 0.90 | 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | ||
pH | 7.15 | 6.97 | 6.86 | 6.78 | 0.045 | 0.049 | 0.618 |
氨态氮Ammonia-N (NH3-N, mg | 8.28 | 8.30 | 8.32 | 7.61 | 0.762 | 0.618 | 0.721 |
总挥发性脂肪酸Total volatile fatty acid (TVFAs, mmol | 46.38 | 47.78 | 54.48 | 53.98 | 1.865 | <0.010 | 0.890 |
乙酸Acetate (mmol | 33.99 | 34.81 | 39.07 | 38.47 | 1.409 | 0.021 | 0.865 |
丙酸Propionate (mmol | 6.67 | 6.64 | 7.73 | 7.60 | 0.330 | 0.093 | 0.624 |
丁酸Butyrate (mmol | 3.95 | 4.40 | 5.63 | 5.78 | 0.263 | <0.001 | 0.710 |
异位酸Isoacids (Iso-VFAs, mmol | 1.78 | 1.92 | 2.04 | 2.13 | 0.112 | 0.190 | 0.645 |
乙酸/丙酸Acetate/propionate | 5.13 | 5.24 | 5.09 | 5.06 | 0.111 | 0.966 | 0.529 |
Table 4 Effect of feed level of oat hay on rumen fermentation parameters in yaks
项目 Items | 燕麦干草饲喂水平Feed level of oat hay (VI) | 标准误 SEM | P值P-values | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.45 | 0.60 | 0.75 | 0.90 | 线性Linear | 二次Quadratic | ||
pH | 7.15 | 6.97 | 6.86 | 6.78 | 0.045 | 0.049 | 0.618 |
氨态氮Ammonia-N (NH3-N, mg | 8.28 | 8.30 | 8.32 | 7.61 | 0.762 | 0.618 | 0.721 |
总挥发性脂肪酸Total volatile fatty acid (TVFAs, mmol | 46.38 | 47.78 | 54.48 | 53.98 | 1.865 | <0.010 | 0.890 |
乙酸Acetate (mmol | 33.99 | 34.81 | 39.07 | 38.47 | 1.409 | 0.021 | 0.865 |
丙酸Propionate (mmol | 6.67 | 6.64 | 7.73 | 7.60 | 0.330 | 0.093 | 0.624 |
丁酸Butyrate (mmol | 3.95 | 4.40 | 5.63 | 5.78 | 0.263 | <0.001 | 0.710 |
异位酸Isoacids (Iso-VFAs, mmol | 1.78 | 1.92 | 2.04 | 2.13 | 0.112 | 0.190 | 0.645 |
乙酸/丙酸Acetate/propionate | 5.13 | 5.24 | 5.09 | 5.06 | 0.111 | 0.966 | 0.529 |
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