草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 41-54.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024060
收稿日期:
2024-02-27
修回日期:
2024-05-16
出版日期:
2025-01-20
发布日期:
2024-11-04
通讯作者:
黄建强
作者简介:
E-mail: hjqxaly@163.com基金资助:
Chu-qi YAN(), Jian-qiang HUANG()
Received:
2024-02-27
Revised:
2024-05-16
Online:
2025-01-20
Published:
2024-11-04
Contact:
Jian-qiang HUANG
摘要:
青藏高原的植被覆盖度是生态研究和环境监测的重要指标。传统的植被覆盖度检测方法在地形简单且植被分布集中的区域效果较好,但在复杂地形下由于成本高、调查范围受限、耗时长等问题,导致植被提取精度受限。近年来,计算机视觉和深度学习技术的飞速发展为青藏高原复杂地形下的植被精准提取开辟了新的可能性。本研究提出一种结合YOLOv5和改进DeeplabV3+的双阶段植被提取算法。算法引入基于YOLOv5的植被目标检测模型,以减少背景对第二阶段植被分割任务的干扰;设计新型的DeeplabV3+语义分割模型,以实现精准的植被分割提取。改进的模型引入了轻量级主干网络MobileNetV2、优化了ASPP模块膨胀卷积参数,并集成EMA和CloAttention注意力机制。在青藏高原无人机航拍数据集上的实验结果显示,本算法在交并比(IoU)和像素准确率(PA)上分别达到了90.40%和96.32%,显著超过现有技术,且大幅降低了模型参数。本算法在多种环境条件下均展示了高精度的植被提取能力,可以为青藏高原植被覆盖度的快速、精准测定提供有效的技术支持。
闫储淇, 黄建强. 基于YOLOv5和改进DeeplabV3+的青藏高原植被提取算法[J]. 草业学报, 2025, 34(1): 41-54.
Chu-qi YAN, Jian-qiang HUANG. Vegetation extraction algorithm for the Tibetan Plateau based on YOLOv5 and improved DeeplabV3+[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(1): 41-54.
模型 Model | 精确率 Precision (%) | 召回率 Recall (%) | 平均准确率 Mean precision (%) | 每秒帧数 Frames per second |
---|---|---|---|---|
YOLOv5x | 98.3 | 98.0 | 99.2 | 52 |
YOLOv5l | 98.5 | 97.3 | 99.1 | 82 |
YOLOv5m | 97.9 | 96.4 | 98.8 | 119 |
YOLOv5s | 97.9 | 97.3 | 98.9 | 204 |
表1 YOLOv5对比实验评估结果
Table 1 Evaluation results of YOLOv5 comparative experiments
模型 Model | 精确率 Precision (%) | 召回率 Recall (%) | 平均准确率 Mean precision (%) | 每秒帧数 Frames per second |
---|---|---|---|---|
YOLOv5x | 98.3 | 98.0 | 99.2 | 52 |
YOLOv5l | 98.5 | 97.3 | 99.1 | 82 |
YOLOv5m | 97.9 | 96.4 | 98.8 | 119 |
YOLOv5s | 97.9 | 97.3 | 98.9 | 204 |
模型 Model | 交并比 Intersection over union (%) | 像素准确率Pixel accuracy (%) | 参数量 Params | 浮点运算次数 Giga floating-point operations per second |
---|---|---|---|---|
PSPnet | 80.20 | 87.47 | 46.707 | 118.427 |
HRnet | 82.27 | 87.39 | 29.538 | 79.915 |
Unet | 84.55 | 89.78 | 43.933 | 184.100 |
DeeplabV3+ | 83.39 | 91.72 | 54.709 | 166.841 |
改进DeeplabV3+Improved DeeplabV3+ | 90.40 | 96.32 | 6.565 | 54.630 |
表2 植被提取对比实验评估结果
Table 2 Vegetation extraction comparative experimental evaluation results
模型 Model | 交并比 Intersection over union (%) | 像素准确率Pixel accuracy (%) | 参数量 Params | 浮点运算次数 Giga floating-point operations per second |
---|---|---|---|---|
PSPnet | 80.20 | 87.47 | 46.707 | 118.427 |
HRnet | 82.27 | 87.39 | 29.538 | 79.915 |
Unet | 84.55 | 89.78 | 43.933 | 184.100 |
DeeplabV3+ | 83.39 | 91.72 | 54.709 | 166.841 |
改进DeeplabV3+Improved DeeplabV3+ | 90.40 | 96.32 | 6.565 | 54.630 |
用地类型 Land use type | 交并比 Intersection over union | 像素准确率 Pixel accuracy | 精确率 Precision | 召回率 Recall |
---|---|---|---|---|
农业用地Agricultural land | 88.96 | 96.48 | 90.54 | 96.48 |
工业用地Industrial land | 87.74 | 95.57 | 91.80 | 95.57 |
生活用地Residential land | 88.12 | 96.04 | 90.69 | 96.04 |
河流湿地Riverine wetlands | 90.40 | 95.13 | 94.64 | 95.13 |
裸岩石区Bare rock area | 93.12 | 95.05 | 97.64 | 95.05 |
表3 不同用地类型评估结果
Table 3 Assessment results across different land use types (%)
用地类型 Land use type | 交并比 Intersection over union | 像素准确率 Pixel accuracy | 精确率 Precision | 召回率 Recall |
---|---|---|---|---|
农业用地Agricultural land | 88.96 | 96.48 | 90.54 | 96.48 |
工业用地Industrial land | 87.74 | 95.57 | 91.80 | 95.57 |
生活用地Residential land | 88.12 | 96.04 | 90.69 | 96.04 |
河流湿地Riverine wetlands | 90.40 | 95.13 | 94.64 | 95.13 |
裸岩石区Bare rock area | 93.12 | 95.05 | 97.64 | 95.05 |
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