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草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 54-67.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025102

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同气候和土壤条件下施肥类型影响紫花苜蓿种子产量的整合分析

李瑒琨1,2(), 本转林1,2, 张筠钰1,2, 杨惠敏1,2()   

  1. 1.兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃 兰州 730020
    2.兰州大学草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-25 修回日期:2025-05-22 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2025-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 杨惠敏
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: huimyang@lzu.edu.cn
    李瑒琨(2002-),男,陕西商洛人,在读硕士。E-mail: liyk2024@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD1300801);国家牧草产业技术体系-青藏高原牧草栽培岗位科学家项目(CARS-34)

A meta-analysis on the effect of fertilizer type on alfalfa seed yield under various climate and soil conditions

Yang-kun LI1,2(), Zhuan-lin BEN1,2, Jun-yu ZHANG1,2, Hui-min YANG1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China
  • Received:2025-03-25 Revised:2025-05-22 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2025-12-24
  • Contact: Hui-min YANG

摘要:

足量优质饲草供应是草地畜牧业高质量可持续发展的基础条件,这就要求不断扩大紫花苜蓿等优质饲草种植面积。因此,亟须扩大苜蓿种子生产以满足苜蓿种植的需求,但不同气候土壤条件下施肥对苜蓿种子产量的影响仍没有一致结论。本研究以中国为研究区域,采用整合分析(meta-analysis)方法,研究了不同肥料类型对苜蓿种子产量的影响,并探讨气候和土壤条件对施肥效应的影响。结果表明:1)施肥能显著提高苜蓿种子产量,其中微量元素肥单施增产效果最好,钾肥单施和氮钾肥配施会导致产量降低。2)随年均降水量增加,肥料单施的增产效果减弱而多肥料配施的增产效果增强。较高年均温度导致除微量元素肥单施外其他施肥类型的增产效果均减弱。3)土壤因子对施肥效果的影响因施肥类型而异。较高土壤有机质和全氮含量导致大部分施肥类型的增产效果增强而微量元素肥单施的增产效果减弱。较高土壤碱解氮和速效磷含量降低了氮、钾单施的增产效果而增强了磷单施的增产效果,对多肥料配施的增产效果影响不一致。较高土壤速效钾含量增强各施肥类型的增产效果。本研究可为中国不同气候和土壤下苜蓿种子生产的施肥管理措施优化提供借鉴。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 种子产量, 施肥类型, 施肥效应, 整合分析

Abstract:

Supply of high-quality forage in sufficient quantity is a fundamental requirement for the development of efficient and sustainable animal production systems. To attain this goal, continuous expansion of the planting area of high-quality forages such as alfalfa is required. There is thus an urgent need to expand alfalfa seed production to meet the demand for alfalfa planting, but there remains a lack of information about effects of fertilization on alfalfa seed yield under different climatic and soil conditions. This study comprised a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of different fertilizer applications on alfalfa seed yield in China and explored the interactions between the fertilizer effect and climate and soil conditions. The results showed: 1) Fertilization could significantly increase alfalfa seed yield, with the greatest yield increase observed with the application of micronutrient fertilizers alone, while the application of potassium fertilizer alone and the combined application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers led to yield reduction. 2) With increase in annual precipitation, the yield-enhancement effect of single fertilizer applications weakened, while the yield-enhancement effect of multi-fertilizer applications was strengthened. Higher annual temperatures resulted in weakening of the yield-enhancement effect, except in the case of micronutrient fertilizers alone. 3) The effect of soil factors on the fertilization effect varied significantly among different fertilization categories. Higher soil organic matter and total nitrogen content enhanced the yield-enhancement effect of most fertilization categories, while slightly weakening the yield-enhancement effect of micronutrient fertilizer application alone. Higher soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus content reduced the yield-enhancement effect of nitrogen and potassium application alone but increased the yield-enhancement effect of phosphorus application alone, with inconsistent effects on the yield-enhancement effects of multi-fertilizer applications. Higher soil available potassium content increased the yield-enhancement effect of all fertilization categories. In summary, this study provides guidance for optimizing fertilization management measures for alfalfa for seed production in different climatic regions and for different soils in China.

Key words: Medicago sativa, seed yield, type of fertilization, fertilizer effect, meta-analysis